Appendix U Disaster Resilient Construction
Chapter AU1 Scope and Administration
Section AU101 Administration
AU101.1 Purpose.
The scope of this appendix is to promote enhanced public health, safety and general welfare and to reduce public and private property losses due to hazards and natural disasters associated with flooding, high-winds, and windborne debris above that which is provided in the general provisions of this appendix.
AU101.2 Objectives.
objectives of this appendix are to:
- 1.
Protect human life, to minimize property loss and to minimize the expenditures of public money associated with natural weather related disasters, including flooding, tornadoes and other high-wind events.
- 2.
Establish enhanced design and construction regulations consistent with nationally recognized good practices for the safeguarding of life and property.
AU101.3 Scope.
AU101.3.1
The provisions of this appendix are not mandatory unless specifically referenced in an adopting ordinance of [NAME OF JURISDICTION]. If adopted, the provisions shall apply to all new development and to substantial improvements to existing development.
AU101.3.2
The provisions of this appendix supplement the jurisdiction’s building codes to provide for enhanced provisions to mitigate the hazard to life and property from natural weather related disasters, including flooding, tornadoes and other high-wind events.
AU101.3.3
The provisions of this appendix establish design and construction standards for storm shelters.
AU101.4 Violations.
Violations. Any violation of a provision of this appendix or failure to comply with a permit of variance issued pursuant to this appendix or any requirement of this appendix shall be handled in accordance with the ordinances of [NAME OF JURISDICTION].
Section AU102 Applicability
AU102.1 General.
This appendix provides enhanced minimum requirements for development of new construction and substantial improvement of existing development above that contained in the International Residential Code (IRC).
AU102.1.1
Regardless of the category of work being performed, the work shall not cause the structure to become unsafe or adversely affect the performance of the building; shall not cause an existing mechanical or plumbing system to become unsafe, hazardous, insanitary or overloaded; and unless expressly permitted by these provisions, shall not make the building any less compliant with this appendix or to any previously approved alternative arrangements than it was before the work was undertaken.
AU102.1.2
Where there is a conflict between a requirement of the International Residential Code and a requirement of this appendix, the requirement of this appendix shall govern. Where there is a conflict between a general requirement of this appendix and a specific requirement of this appendix, the specific requirement shall govern. Where, in any specific case, different sections of this appendix specify different materials, methods of construction or other requirements, the most restrictive shall govern.
AU102.2 Other laws.
The provisions of this appendix shall not be deemed to nullify any provisions of local, state or federal law.
AU102.3 Referenced codes and standards.
The codes and standards referenced in this appendix shall be those that are listed in Chapter AR7 and such codes and standards shall be considered as part of the requirements of this appendix to the prescribed extent of each such reference. Where differences occur between provisions this appendix and references and standards, the provisions of this appendix shall apply.
Section AU103 Post Disaster Event Inspections Guidelines
AU103.1 Inspections.
The building official or agents shall inspect residential buildings and structures to determine the habitability of each with the goal of getting the community back into their residences quickly and safely. Inspections shall always be performed by teams of at least two individuals, also known as disaster assessment teams.
AU103.1.1 Right of entry.
Unless permitted under the exigent circumstances provisions or from an order from State or Federal Authorities, disaster assessment teams shall confirm the right of entry requirements with the incident commander. Upon approval, the assessment teams shall be authorized to enter the structure or premises at reasonable times to inspect or perform duties as provided by this code, provided that the structure or premises be occupied, that credentials are presented, that entry is requested, and that entry is granted by the owner or person having charge over the structure or premises.
AU103.2 Types of inspections.
AU103.2.1 Rapid evaluation.
Rapid evaluation is performed after a disaster event to determine if a building is apparently safe or obviously unsafe. The evaluation should last 10 to 30 minutes per building and shall be performed by the building official and/or their designated responders. Evaluation shall determine if a detailed evaluation is necessary. Placards are posted on buildings indicating status as one of the following:
- 1.
INSPECTED
- 2.
RESTRICTED USE
- 3.
UNSAFE
See Section AU605 for Placards that may be reproduced for use in the field during evaluations. The jurisdiction shall alter placards to meet the jurisdiction and building department’s requirements.
AU103.2.2 Detailed evaluation.
Detailed evaluation is a thorough visual examination of a damaged building performed by a team of two, including an inspector and a design professional. Evaluation should last 30 minutes to 4 hours per building. Evaluation shall determine necessary restrictions on a damaged building’s use, the need for an engineering evaluation or to evaluate postings.
AU103.2.3 Engineering evaluation.
When indicated by the building official as necessary, engineering evaluations shall be completed by a registered design professional hired by the building owner.
AU103.3 Post disaster building safety evaluation Chart.
See Figure AU103.3 for Post Disaster Building Safety Evaluation Chart.
(a)When Disaster Strikes by the International Code Council, Inc., Seventh Printing: November 2011, copyright 2007
AU103.4 Evaluation forms.
ATC-45 Rapid Evaluation Safety Assessment Form and ATC-45 Detailed Evaluation Safety Assessment Form shall be used by [NAME OF JURISDICTION]’s Building Official for post disaster inspections. See Section AU605 for copies of the Safety Assessment Forms.
AU103.5 Placement and removal of placards.
AU103.5.1 Placement.
Placards are to be posted in a clearly visible location near the main entrance and shall be visible from the public right-of-way. In addition RESTRICTED USE or UNSAFE placards shall be placed at all entrances.
AU103.5.2 Removal.
Placards shall not be removed or replaced, except by the authorized representatives of the local jurisdiction.
Chapter AU2 Definitions
Section AU201 General
AU201.1 Scope.
Unless otherwise expressly stated the following words and terms shall, for the purposes of this appendix, have the meanings shown in this chapter.
AU201.2 Terms defined in other codes.
Where terms are not defined in this appendix and are defined in other International Codes, such terms shall have the meanings ascribed to them as in those codes.
AU201.3 Terms not defined.
Where terms are not defined through the methods authorized by this section, such terms shall have their ordinarily accepted meanings such as the context implies.
Section AU202 Definitions
500-YEAR FLOOD.
Flood having a 0.2% annual probability of being equaled or exceeded.
ADVISORY BASE FLOOD ELEVATION (ABFE).
An advisory base flood elevation (BFE) issued by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) that reflects post-storm conditions and vulnerability to damages from future flooding.
BASE FLOOD.
Flood having a 1% chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year, also referred to as the 100-year flood.
BASE FLOOD ELEVATION (BFE).
The elevation of flooding, including wave height, having a 1% chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year established relative to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum (NGVD), North American Vertical Datum (NAVD) or other datum specified on the Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM).
BUILDING OFFICIAL.
The officer or other designated authority charged with the administration and enforcement of the International Residential Code, or the building official’s duly authorized representative.
DESIGN FLOOD.
The greater of the following two flood events:
- (1)
The base flood, affecting those areas identified as special flood hazard areas on the community’s FIRM;
- (2)
The flood corresponding to the area designated as a flood hazard area on a community’s flood hazard map or otherwise legally designated.
DESIGN FLOOD ELEVATION (DFE).
The elevation of the design flood, including wave height, relative to the datum specified on the community’s legally designated flood hazard map. In areas designated as Zone AO, the design flood elevation shall be the elevation of the highest existing grade of the building’s perimeter plus the depth number (in feet) specified on the flood hazard map.
FLOOD [DAMAGE]-RESISTANT MATERIAL.
Any building product [material, component or system] capable of withstanding direct and prolonged contact with floodwaters without sustaining significant damage.
FLOOD HAZARD AREA.
The area subject to flooding during the design flood.
FLOOD HAZARD MAP.
Map delineating flood hazard areas adopted by the authority having jurisdiction.
FLOOD INSURANCE RATE MAP (FIRM).
An official map of a community on which the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) has delineated both the special flood hazard areas and the risk premium zones applicable to the community.
FREEBOARD.
A factor of safety expressed in feet above a flood level for purposes of floodplain management.
FUTURE-CONDITIONS FLOOD.
The flood having a 1% chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year based on future-conditions hydrology.
Also known as the 100-year future-conditions flood.
FUTURE-CONDITIONS FLOOD ELEVATION.
The flood standard equal to or higher than the Base Flood Elevation.
The future-conditions flood elevation is defined as the highest water surface anticipated at any given point during the future-conditions flood.
CHAPTER AU3 Flood-Resistant Construction
Forward: This appendix provides three different options for increased freeboard. The jurisdiction may pick only one option that is higher than previously adopted and enforced by the jurisdiction. The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) minimum standards reference Base Flood Elevation without any freeboard in high risk flood hazard areas. Due to the flood damage prevention updates performed during the Map Modernization initiative that led to flood risks being digitally identified in all 159 Georgia counties, all Georgia NFIP participating communities have freeboard standards that meet or exceed the 1 foot standard used in the State model ordinances for areas where BFEs have been established.
SECTION AU301 Hazard Identification
AU301.1 Identification of flood hazard areas.
To establish flood hazard areas:
- (a)
flood hazard map adopted by jurisdiction based on areas of special flood hazard as identified by the Federal Emergency Management Agency in an engineering report entitled “The Flood Insurance Study of [INSERT NAME OF JURISDICTION],” dated [INSERT DATE ISSUANCE], and amended or revised with the accompanying Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) and Flood Boundary and Floodway Map (FBFM) and related supporting data along with any revisions thereto.
- (b)
FIRM maps provided by the Federal Emergency Management Agency.
SECTION AU302 Scope
AU302.1 Flood loads.
Buildings designed and constructed in flood hazard areas defined in Table R301.2(1) of the International Residential Code shall comply with the following:
AU302.1.1 Flood hazard areas without base flood elevations.
In flood hazard areas without base flood or future-conditions flood elevation data, new construction and substantial improvements of existing structures shall have the lowest floor of the lowest enclosed area (including basement) elevated no less than three (3) feet above the highest adjacent grade to the building foundation.
AU302.1.2 OPTION A – FLOOD ELEVATION
Increase to base flood elevation requirements.
Floors required by ASCE 24 to be built above base flood elevations as follows:
The higher of:
- (a)
Design flood elevation plus one (1) foot, or
- (b)
Base flood elevation plus one (1) foot, or
- (c)
Advisory base flood elevation, or
- (d)
Future-conditions plus one (1) foot, if known or
- (e)
500-year flood, if known
AU302.1.3 OPTION B – FLOOD ELEVATION
Increase to base flood elevation requirements..
Floors required by ASCE 24 to be built above base flood elevations as follows:
The higher of:
- (a)
Design flood elevation plus two (2) feet, or
- (b)
Base flood elevation plus two (2) feet, or
- (c)
Advisory base flood elevation, or
- (d)
Future-conditions plus one (1) foot, if known or
- (e)
500-year flood, if known
AU302.1.4 OPTION C – FLOOD ELEVATION
Increase to base flood elevation requirements.
Floors required by ASCE 24 to be built above base flood elevations as follows:
The higher of:
- (a)
Design flood elevation plus three (3) feet, or
- (b)
Base flood elevation plus three (3) feet, or
- (c)
Advisory base flood elevation, or
- (d)
Future-conditions plus one (1) foot, if known or
- (e)
500-year flood, if known
SECTION AU303 Flood Damage-Resistant Materials
AU303.1 Flood damage-resistant materials.
Flood damage-resistant materials comply with FEMA Technical Bulletin 2, Table 2. Types, Uses, and Classifications of Materials.
AU303.3 Fasteners and connectors used for flood damage-resistant materials.
Fasteners and connectors used for flood damage-resistant materials to be made of stainless steel, hot-dipped zinc-coated galvanized steel, mechanically deposited-zinc coated, silicon bronze or copper. Copper fasteners shall not be permitted for use in conjunction with steel.
CHAPTER AU4 High-Wind Resistive Construction
Forward: This appendix provides four different options for increased wind speed. The jurisdiction may pick only one option that is higher than the mapped wind speed shown in the International Residential Code.
SECTION AU401 General
AU401.1 Scope.
The provisions of this appendix shall govern the structural design of one- and two-family dwellings (townhouses) not more than three stories in height with separate means of egress and their accessory structures. The building or structure shall comply with all aspects of the International Residential Code in addition to the requirements of this appendix.
AU401.2 Continuous load path.
A continuous load path shall be provided to transmit the applicable forces from the roof assembly to the foundation.
AU401.3 Adoption of wind speed.
[INSERT NAME OF JURISDICTION] adopts Option [PICK A, B, C, or D] MINIMUM WIND SPEED [INSERT WIND SPEED].
AU401.4 Alternative materials, design and methods of construction and equipment.
The provisions of this appendix are not intended to prevent the installation of any material or to prohibit any design or method of construction not specifically prescribed by this appendix, provided such material is listed and tested for such application intended. An alternative material, design or method of construction shall be approved where the building official finds that the proposed design is satisfactory and complies with the intent of the provisions of this appendix, and that the material, method or work offered is, for the purpose intended, at least the equivalent of that prescribed in this appendix. Compliance with the specific performance-based provisions of the International Codes in lieu of specific requirements of this appendix shall also be permitted as an alternate.
AU401.4.1 Tests.
Whenever there is insufficient evidence of compliance with the provisions of this appendix, or evidence that a material or method does not conform to the requirements of this appendix, or in order to substantiate claims for alternative materials or methods, the building official shall have the authority to require tests as evidence of compliance to be made at no expense to the jurisdiction. Test methods shall be as specified in this appendix or by other recognized test standards. In the absence of recognized and accepted test methods, the building official shall approve the testing procedures. Tests shall be performed by an approved agency. Reports of such tests shall be retained by the building official for the period required for retention of public records.
SECTION AU402 Option A – Minimum Wind Speed 100 mph
AU402.1 Wind speed.
Buildings shall be designed and constructed to comply with minimum wind speed of 100 mph Exposure B in accordance with AU402.1.1 or in accordance with Prescriptive Method AU402.2. Buildings with minimum wind speed of 100 mph Exposure C shall be in accordance with AU402.1.1.
AU402.1.1 Design methods.
The design of buildings for wind loads shall be in accordance with one or more of the following methods:
- 1.
AF&PA Wood Frame Construction Manual (WFCM), or
- 2.
AF&PA Wood Frame Construction Manual Guide to Wood Construction in High Wind Areas for One- and Two-Family Dwellings: 100 MPH Exposure B (WFCM); or
- 3.
ICC Standard for Residential Construction in High-Wind Regions (ICC 600); or
- 4.
ASCE Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures (ASCE 7); or
- 5.
AISI Standard for Cold-Formed Steel Framing – Prescriptive Method For One- and Two-Family Dwellings (AISI S230); or
- 6.
International Building Code; or
- 7.
Concrete walls in accordance with R404 and R608 of the International Residential Code; or
- 8.
Walls of structural insulated panels in accordance with R610 of the International Residential Code.
AU402.2 Prescriptive wood frame construction method deemed to comply with 100 MPH Exposure B.
Prescriptive construction method for wood frame structures shall be in accordance with IRC requirements for 100 mph Exposure B construction as modified in this section. A continuous load path shall be provided to transmit uplift forces from the roof assembly to the ground as follows:
(b) Form No. M310B © 2011 APA – The Engineered Wood Association.
AU402.2.1 Roof sheathing attachment.
Nail roof sheathing with 8d ring shank (or deformed shank) (0.131" × 2-1/2") nails at 4 inches on center along the ends of the sheathing and gable end framing 6 inches on center along intermediate framing. See Figure AU402.2.1.
(b) Form No. M310B August 2011 APA – The Engineered Wood Association.
AU402.2.2 Gable end wall connection.
Tie gable end walls back to the structure. See Figure AU402.2.2.
(b) Form No. M310B August 2011 APA – The Engineered Wood Association.
AU402.2.3 Gable end wall sheathing.
Continuously sheath gable end walls with wood structural panels or equivalent approved material meeting loading requirements. See Figure AU402.2.3.
(b) Form No. M310B August 2011 APA – The Engineered Wood Association.
AU402.2.4 Roof framing to wall connection.
Connect roof framing to wall using an approved connector or connectors having allowable loads when attached to Southern Pine or Douglas Fir lumber of 585 pounds in the upward direction, 485 pounds in the direction parallel to the wall and 165 pounds in the direction perpendicular to the wall. Attachment to be on exterior face of the exterior walls. See Figure AU402.2.4.
(b) Form No. M310B August 2011 APA – The Engineered Wood Association.
AU402.2.5 Sheathing attachment at elevated floor level.
Nail upper story sheathing and lower story sheathing into common wood structural panel or engineered rim board. See Figure AU402.2.5.
(b) Form No. M310B August 2011 APA – The Engineered Wood Association.
AU402.2.6 Wall sheathing attachment.
Attach wall sheathing with 8d common (0.131" × 2-1/2") nails at 4 inches on center at end and edges of wood structural panels and 6 inches on center in the intermediate framing. See Figure AU402.2.6a. Adjacent edges in wood structural panel wall sheathing that do not occur over common framing members shall be attached to flat wise blocking as illustrated in Figure AU402.2.6b.
(b) Form No. M310B August 2011 APA – The Engineered Wood Association.
AU402.2.7 Continuous wall sheathing.
Continuously sheath all walls with wood structural panels or equivalent approved material meeting loading requirements. Continuously sheath areas around openings for windows and doors. Minimum wall bracing requirements shall be in accordance with IRC Section R602.10 or R602.12 continuous sheathing methods as modified in Section AU402.2.
AU402.2.8 Wall sheathing to sill plate connection.
Extend sheathing material to lap the sill plate. See Figure AU402.2.8.
(b) Form No. M310B August 2011 APA – The Engineered Wood Association.
AU402.2.9 Anchor bolt connection.
Space 1/2" anchor bolts with 7 inches of embedment 48 inches on center with 0.229" × 3" × 3" square plate washers with slotted holes. See Figure AU402.2.9. There shall be a minimum of 2 bolts per plate section with one bolt located not more than 12” or less than 3.5” from each end of the plate section.
(b) Form No. M310B August 2011 APA – The Engineered Wood Association.
AU402.2.10 Top plate intersection detail.
Double top plates shall be provided at the top of all exterior stud walls. The double plates shall overlap at corners and at intersections with other exterior or interior load bearing walls. Double top plates shall be lap-spliced with end joints offset in accordance with the minimum requirements given in the WFCM Guides to Wood Construction in High Wind Areas for One- and Two-Family Dwellings: 100 MPH Exposure B. See Figure AU402.2.10.
(c) WFCM Guide to Wood Construction in High Wind Areas for One- and Two-Family Dwellings – American Forest & Paper Association and the American Wood Council.
SECTION AU403 Option B – Minimum Wind Speed 110 mph
AU403.1 Wind speed.
Buildings shall be designed and constructed to comply with minimum wind speed of 110 mph Exposure B.
AU403.1.1 Design methods.
The design of buildings for wind loads shall be in accordance with one or more of the following methods:
- 1.
AF&PA Wood Frame Construction Manual (WFCM), or
- 2.
ICC Standard for Residential Construction in High-Wind Regions (ICC 600); or
- 3.
ASCE Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures (ASCE 7); or
- 4.
AISI Standard for Cold-Formed Steel Framing – Prescriptive Method For One- and Two-Family Dwellings (AISI S230); or
- 5.
International Building Code; or
- 6.
Concrete walls in accordance with R404 and R608 of the International Residential Code; or
- 7.
Walls of structural insulated panels in accordance with R610 of the International Residential Code.
SECTION AU404 Option C – Minimum Wind Speed 120 mph
AU404.1 Wind speed.
Buildings shall be designed and constructed to comply with minimum wind speed of 120 mph Exposure B.
AU404.1.1 Design methods.
The design of buildings for wind loads shall be in accordance with one or more of the following methods:
- 1.
AF&PA Wood Frame Construction Manual (WFCM), or
- 2.
ICC Standard for Residential Construction in High-Wind Regions (ICC 600); or
- 3.
ASCE Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures (ASCE 7); or
- 4.
AISI Standard for Cold-Formed Steel Framing – Prescriptive Method For One- and Two-Family Dwellings (AISI S230); or
- 5.
International Building Code; or
- 6.
Concrete walls in accordance with R404 and R608 of the International Residential Code; or
- 7.
Walls of structural insulated panels in accordance with R610 of the International Residential Code.
SECTION AU405 Option D – Minimum Wind Speed 130 mph
AU405.1 Wind speed.
Buildings shall be designed and constructed to comply with minimum wind speed of 130 mph Exposure B.
AU405.1.1 Design methods.
The design of buildings for wind loads shall be in accordance with one or more of the following methods:
- 1.
AF&PA Wood Frame Construction Manual (WFCM), or
- 2.
ICC Standard for Residential Construction in High-Wind Regions (ICC 600); or
- 3.
ASCE Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures (ASCE 7); or
- 4.
AISI Standard for Cold-Formed Steel Framing – Prescriptive Method For One- and Two-Family Dwellings (AISI S230); or
- 5.
International Building Code; or
- 6.
Concrete walls in accordance with R404 and R608 of the International Residential Code; or
SECTION AU406 Fasteners and Connectors for Cladding
AU406.1 Fasteners and connectors for cladding.
Fasteners and connectors to be made of stainless steel, hot-dipped zinc-coated galvanized steel, mechanically deposited-zinc coated, silicon bronze or copper. Copper fasteners shall not be permitted for use in conjunction with steel.
SECTION AU407 Fenestration
AU407.1 Design pressure.
Exterior windows and doors shall be designed to resist the design wind loads specified in International Residential Code Table R301.2(2) adjusted for height and exposure per International Residential Code Table R301.2(3) based on the minimum wind speed specified in this appendix by the local jurisdiction.
AU407.2 Anchorage methods.
Window and door assembly anchoring systems shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s published recommendations to achieve the design pressure specified per Section AU407.1. Substitute anchoring systems shall provide equal or greater anchoring performance as demonstrated by accepted engineering practice. Anchorage shall not exceed the spacing for the tested rated performance.
SECTION AU408 Roofing
AU408.1 Secondary water barrier.
Underlayment shall be two layers applied in the following manner:
- (a)
Self-adhering tape as first layer. Install minimum 4 inch wide self-adhering modified bitumen tape over sheathing joints. Seal deck penetrations with self-adhering modified bitumen tape. ASTM D226 Type I, ASTM D4869 Type I or ASTM D6757 as second layer. Apply a 19-inch strip of underlayment felt parallel to and starting at eaves, secure with low-profile, capped-head nails or thin metal disks attached with roofing nails. Fasten at approximately 6 inches on center along the laps and at approximately 12 inches on center along a row in the field of the sheet between the side laps. All laps shall be a minimum of 4 inches. Starting at the eave, apply 36-inch-wide sheets of underlayment, overlapping successive sheets 19 inches, fasten as before. Distortions in the underlayment shall not interfere with the ability of the shingles to seal.
- (b)
Two layers of ASTM D226 Type I, ASTM D4869 Type I or ASTM D6757. For each layer, apply a 19-inch strip of underlayment felt parallel to and starting at eaves, secure with low-profile, capped-head nails or thin metal disks attached with roofing nails. Fasten at approximately 6 inches on center along the laps and at approximately 12 inches on center along a row in the field of the sheet between the side laps. All laps shall be a minimum of 4 inches. Starting at the eave, apply 36-inch-wide sheets of underlayment, overlapping successive sheets 19 inches, fasten as before. Distortions in the underlayment shall not interfere with the ability of the shingles to seal.
AU408.2 Fasteners.
AU408.2.1 Underlayment fasteners.
Underlayment shall be attached using metal or plastic cap corrosion-resistant nails with a head diameter of not less than 1 inch with a thickness of at least 32-gauge sheet metal. The cap-nail shank shall be a minimum of 12 gauge with a sufficient length to penetrate through the roof sheathing or a minimum of 3/4 inch into the roof sheathing.
AU408.2.2 Asphalt shingles fasteners.
Where asphalt shingles shall be applied with corrosion-resistant nails with shanks made of minimum 12 gauge wire and a minimum head diameter of 3/8 inch. Nails shall be long enough to penetrate 3/4 inch into the roof deck. Where the deck is less than 3/4 inch thick, the nails shall be long enough to penetrate completely through plywood decking and extend at least 1/8 inch through the roof deck.
AU408.3 Attachment.
Where asphalt shingles shall have a minimum number of fasteners required by the manufacturer, but not less than six fasteners per strip shingle or three fasteners per individual shingle. Drive nail head flush with the shingle surface per Figure AU408.2.
(d) FEMA Home Builder's Guide to Coastal Construction Technical Fact Sheet No. 7.3 Asphalt Shingle Roofing for High Wind Regions.
CHAPTER AU5 Residential Storm Shelters and Safe Rooms
SECTION AU501 General
AU501.1 General.
This section applies to the construction of residential storm shelters and safe rooms when constructed as separate detached buildings or as internal areas within buildings for the purpose of providing safe refuge for storms that produce high winds, such as tornados and hurricanes. Residential storm shelters or safe rooms shall be offered as an optional package.
SECTION AU502 Residential Storm Shelters and Safe Rooms
AU502.1 Residential storm shelters.
Residential storm shelters when constructed shall be in compliance with the following:
- 1.
ICC/NSSA-500 per IRC Section R323.
AU502.2 Residential safe rooms.
Residential safe rooms when constructed shall be in compliance with the following:
- 1.
FEMA 361 Design and Construction Guidance for Community Safe Rooms; or
- 2.
FEMA 320 Taking Shelter from the Storm: Building a Safe Room For Your Home and Small Business
CHAPTER AU6 Resources
SECTION AU601 Contacts
Georgia Department of Community Affairs (DCA) Construction Codes
Georgia State Amendments to the State Minimum Standard Codes
dca.georgia.gov/community-assistance/construction-codes
Phone: 404-679-3118
Georgia Department of Natural Resources (DNR) Floodplain Management
4220 International Parkway, Ste. 101, Atlanta, GA 30354-3902
Phone: 404-675-1757
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
www.fema.gov; www.floodsmart.gov
www.fema.gov/rebuild/buildingscience/
FEMA Publications and Technical Bulletins:
www.fema.gov/library/index.jsp
www.fema.gov/plan/prevent/floodplain/techbul.shtm
Georgia Emergency Management Agency (GEMA)
Georgia Office of Homeland Security — P.O. Box 18055, Atlanta, GA 30316-0055
Phone: 404-635-7000
Georgia Association of Regional Commissions (GARC)
http://garc.ga.gov/main.php?Regional-Commissions-2
(for assistance in identifying Flood Hazard Areas)
International Code Council (ICC)
National Weather Service
State Fire Marshal’s Office
2 Martin Luther King Jr. Drive, Suite 920 / West Tower
Atlanta, Georgia 30334
Phone: 404-656-7087
SECTION AU602 Emergency Inspection Kite
- ☐
Staff’s disaster response management plan
- ☐
Team contact list
- ☐
Area maps
- ☐
Official identification
- ☐
Personal identification
- ☐
Inspection forms and placards
- ☐
Communication equipment
- ☐
Clipboard
- ☐
Hard hat
- ☐
Orange safety vest
- ☐
Dust mask
- ☐
Work gloves
- ☐
Steel toe and waterproof boots
- ☐
Whistle
- ☐
First aid kit
- ☐
Latex gloves
- ☐
Safety glasses
- ☐
Sunglasses
- ☐
Pocket knife
- ☐
Matches
- ☐
Antibacterial hand wipes or alcohol-based hand sanitizer
- ☐
Insect repellant (w/ Deet or Picaridin)
- ☐
Sunscreen (SPF 15 or greater)
- ☐
Camera
- ☐
Black markers
- ☐
Pens & pencils
- ☐
Envelope for expense receipts
- ☐
Compass, GPS unit
- ☐
Backpack, waistpack
- ☐
Flashlight and extra batteries
- ☐
Battery-operated radio
- ☐
Duct tape
- ☐
Staples & stapler
- ☐
Staple gun
- ☐
Calculator
- ☐
Tire repair kit
Remember to grab:
- ☐
Personal identification
- ☐
Rain gear, extra clothing
- ☐
Water bottle
- ☐
Prescription medication
- ☐
Cell phone and charger
- ☐
Cash for personal expenses
- ☐
Toiletries
(e) Disaster Mitigation: A Guide for Building Departments by the International Code Council, Inc., copyright 2009
SECTION AU603 Safety Tipsa
- 1.
Always travel in teams of at least two people.
- 2.
Always wear a hard hat, gloves, goggles, safety vest, and dust masks.
- 3.
Always wear safety shoes capable of protecting the toes and bottom of the foot.
- 4.
Survey the building exterior completely before entering.
- 5.
Enter building only if authorized and if deemed safe to do so.
- 6.
Be alert for falling objects.
- 7.
In case of fire, injuries or victims, evacuate the area and alert the fire department immediately.
- 8.
Avoid downed power lines and buildings under them or water surrounding them.
- 9.
In case of gas leaks, shut off the gas (if possible) and report the leak.
- 10.
In a flood situation, have a “walking stick.”
(a) When Disaster Strikes by the International Code Council, Inc., Seventh Printing: November 2011, copyright 2007
SECTION AU604 Major Disaster Process (from link http://www.fema.gov/hazard/dproc.shtm)
A Major Disaster Declaration usually follows these steps:
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Incident occurs and local government responds, supplemented by neighboring communities and volunteer agencies. If overwhelmed, turn to the state for assistance;
Generally the local government will issue a local state of emergency
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The State responds with state resources, such as the National Guard and state agencies;
Prior to committing state resources, the Governor will declare a state of emergency in the counties impacted by the event for which assistance is needed.
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Damage assessment by local, state, federal, and volunteer organizations determine losses and recovery needs;
Generally the locals will submit a preliminary damage assessment to the State and the State will review and determine if state and/or federal assistance is needed. If federal assistance is needed, the state will request FEMA perform a preliminary joint damage assessment. If the Governor determines that the incident is of such severity and magnitude that effective response is beyond the capabilities of the State and the affected local governments then supplementary Federal assistance is requested (next step).
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A Major Disaster Declaration is requested by the Governor, based on the damage assessment, and agreement to commit state funds and resources to the long-term recovery;
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FEMA evaluates the request and recommends action to the White House based on the disaster, the local community and the state’s ability to recover;
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The President approves the request or FEMA informs the Governor it has been denied. This decision process could take a few hours or several weeks depending on the nature of the disaster.
SECTION AU605 Sample Evaluation Forms and Inspection Placardse
CHAPTER AU7 References
REFERENCED STANDARDS
ASCE Standards — ASCE/SEI 24-05 Flood Resistant Design and Construction
FEMA P-320, Third Edition / August 2008 Taking Shelter From the Storm: Building a Safe Room For Your Home or Small Business, Includes Construction Plans and Cost Estimates
FEMA 361, Second Edition / August 2008 Design and Construction Guidance for Community Safe Rooms
FEMA Technical Bulletin 2, Table 2. Types, Uses, and Classifications of Materials
REFERENCED STANDARDS
- (a)
When Disaster Strikes by the International Code Council, Inc., Seventh Printing: November 2011, copyright 2007
- (b)
- (c)
- (d)
FEMA Home Builder’s Guide to Coastal Construction, Technical Fact Sheet No. 7.3, Asphalt Shingle Roofing for High Wind Regions
- (e)
Disaster Mitigation: A Guide for Building Departments by the International Code Council, Inc., copyright 2009