APPENDIX G
FLOOD-RESISTANT CONSTRUCTION
SECTION G101
ADMINISTRATION
G101.1 Purpose.
The purpose of this appendix is to promote the public health, safety and general welfare and to minimize public and private losses due to flood conditions in specific flood hazard areas through the establishment of comprehensive regulations for management of flood hazard areas designed to:
1.Prevent unnecessary disruption of commerce, access and public service during times of flooding.
2.Manage the alteration of natural flood plains, stream channels and shorelines.
3.Manage filling, grading, dredging and other development that may increase flood damage or erosion potential.
4.Prevent or regulate the construction of flood barriers that will divert floodwaters or that can increase flood hazards.
5.Contribute to improved construction techniques in the flood plain.
G101.2 Objectives.
G101.5 Designation of floodplain administrator.
SECTION G102
DEFINITIONS
G102.1 General.
The following words and terms shall, for the purposes of this appendix, have the meanings shown herein. Refer to Chapter 2 of this code for general definitions.
DEVELOPMENT. Any man-made change to improved or unimproved real estate, including but not limited to, buildings or other structures, temporary structures, temporary or permanent storage of materials, mining, dredging, filling, grading, paving, excavations, operations and other land-disturbing activities.
FUNCTIONALLY DEPENDENT FACILITY. A facility that cannot perform its intended purpose unless it is located or carried out in close proximity to water. The term includes only docking facilities, port facilities necessary for the loading or unloading of cargo or passengers, and shipbuilding and ship repair facilities. The term does not include longterm storage, manufacture, sales or service facilities.
MANUFACTURED HOME. A structure that is transportable in one or more sections, built on a permanent chassis, designed for use with or without a permanent foundation when attached to the required utilities, and constructed to the Federal Manufactured Home Construction and Safety Standards and rules and regulations promulgated by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. The term also includes mobile homes, park trailers, travel trailers and similar transportable structures that are placed on a site for 180 consecutive days or longer.
MANUFACTURED HOME PARK OR SUBDIVISION. A parcel (or contiguous parcels) of land divided into two or more manufactured home lots for rent or sale.
RECREATIONAL VEHICLE. A vehicle that is built on a single chassis, 400 square feet (37.16 m2) or less when measured at the largest horizontal projection, designed to be self-propelled or permanently towable by a light-duty truck, and designed primarily not for use as a permanent dwelling but as temporary living quarters for recreational, camping, travel or seasonal use. A recreational vehicle is ready for highway use if it is on its wheels or jacking system, is attached to the site only by quick disconnect-type utilities and security devices and has no permanently attached additions.
VARIANCE. A grant of relief from the requirements of this section that permits construction in a manner otherwise prohibited by this section where specific enforcement would result in unnecessary hardship.
VIOLATION. A development that is not fully compliant with this appendix or Section 1612, as applicable.
SECTION G103
APPLICABILITY
G103.1 General.
This appendix, in conjunction with this code, provides minimum requirements for development located in flood hazard areas, including:
1.The subdivision of land.
2.Site improvements and installation of utilities.
3.Placement and replacement of manufactured homes.
4.Placement of recreational vehicles.
5.New construction and repair, reconstruction, rehabilitation or additions to new construction.
6.Substantial improvement of existing buildings and structures, including restoration after damage.
7.Installation of tanks.
8.Temporary structures.
9.Temporary or permanent storage, utility and miscellaneous Group U buildings and structures.
10.Certain building work exempt from permit under Section 105.2 and other buildings and development activities.
SECTION G104
POWERS AND DUTIES
G104.1 Permit applications.
All applications for permits shall comply with the following:
1.The floodplain administrator shall review all permit applications to determine whether proposed development is located in flood hazard areas established in Section G103.2.
2.Where a proposed development site is in a flood hazard area, all development to which this appendix is applicable as specified in Section G103.1 shall be designed and constructed with methods, practices and materials that minimize flood damage and that are in accordance with this code and ASCE 24.
G104.2 Other permits.
G104.3 Determination of design flood elevations.
If design flood elevations are not specified, the floodplain administrator is authorized to require the applicant to meet one of the following:
1.Obtain, review and reasonably utilize data available from a federal, state or other source.
2.Determine the design flood elevation in accordance with accepted hydrologic and hydraulic engineering techniques. Such analyses shall be performed and sealed by a registered design professional. Studies, analyses and computations shall be submitted in sufficient detail to allow review and approval by the floodplain administrator. The accuracy of data submitted for such determination shall be the responsibility of the applicant.
G104.4 Activities in riverine flood hazard areas.
G104.5 Floodway encroachment.
G104.5.1 Floodway revisions.
G104.6 Watercourse alteration.
G104.6.1 Engineering analysis.
G104.7 Alterations in coastal areas.
G104.8 Records.
G104.9 Inspections.
G104.10 Use of changed technical data.
SECTION G105
PERMITS
G105.1 Required.
G105.2 Application for permit.
The applicant shall file an application in writing on a form furnished by the floodplain administrator. Such application shall:
1.Identify and describe the development to be covered by the permit.
2.Describe the land on which the proposed development is to be conducted by legal description, street address or similar description that will readily identify and definitely locate the site.
3.Include a site plan showing the delineation of flood hazard areas, floodway boundaries, flood zones, design flood elevations, ground elevations, proposed fill and excavation and drainage patterns and facilities.
4.Include in subdivision proposals and other proposed developments with more than 50 lots or larger than 5 acres (20 234 m2), base flood elevation data in accordance with Section 1612.3.1 if such data are not identified for the flood hazard areas established in Section G103.2.
5.Indicate the use and occupancy for which the proposed development is intended.
6.Be accompanied by construction documents, grading and filling plans and other information deemed appropriate by the floodplain administrator.
7.State the valuation of the proposed work.
8.Be signed by the applicant or the applicant’s authorized agent.
G105.3 Validity of permit.
G105.4 Expiration.
G105.5 Suspension or revocation.
SECTION G106
VARIANCES
G106.1 General.
G106.2 Records.
G106.3 Historic structures.
A variance is authorized to be issued for the repair or rehabilitation of a historic structure upon a determination that the proposed repair or rehabilitation will not preclude the structure’s continued designation as a historic structure, and the variance is the minimum necessary to preserve the historic character and design of the structure.
Exception: Within flood hazard areas, historic structures that do not meet one or more of the following designations:
1.Listed or preliminarily determined to be eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places.
2.Determined by the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Interior as contributing to the historical significance of a registered historic district or a district preliminarily determined to qualify as an historic district.
3.Designated as historic under a state or local historic preservation program that is approved by the Department of Interior.
G106.4 Functionally dependent facilities.
G106.5 Restrictions.
G106.6 Considerations.
In reviewing applications for variances, the board shall consider all technical evaluations, all relevant factors, all other portions of this appendix and the following:
1.The danger that materials and debris may be swept onto other lands resulting in further injury or damage.
2.The danger to life and property due to flooding or erosion damage.
3.The susceptibility of the proposed development, including contents, to flood damage and the effect of such damage on current and future owners.
4.The importance of the services provided by the proposed development to the community.
5.The availability of alternate locations for the proposed development that are not subject to flooding or erosion.
6.The compatibility of the proposed development with existing and anticipated development.
7. The relationship of the proposed development to the comprehensive plan and flood plain management program for that area.
8.The safety of access to the property in times of flood for ordinary and emergency vehicles.
9.The expected heights, velocity, duration, rate of rise and debris and sediment transport of the floodwaters and the effects of wave action, if applicable, expected at the site.
10.The costs of providing governmental services during and after flood conditions including maintenance and repair of public utilities and facilities such as sewer, gas, electrical and water systems, streets and bridges.
G106.7 Conditions for issuance.
Variances shall only be issued by the board where all of the following criteria are met:
1.A technical showing of good and sufficient cause that the unique characteristics of the size, configuration or topography of the site renders the elevation standards inappropriate.
2.A determination that failure to grant the variance would result in exceptional hardship by rendering the lot undevelopable.
3.A determination that the granting of a variance will not result in increased flood heights, additional threats to public safety, extraordinary public expense, nor create nuisances, cause fraud on or victimization of the public or conflict with existing local laws or ordinances.
4.A determination that the variance is the minimum necessary, considering the flood hazard, to afford relief.
5.Notification to the applicant in writing over the signature of the floodplain administrator that the issuance of a variance to construct a structure below the base flood level will result in increased premium rates for flood insurance up to amounts as high as $25 for $100 of insurance coverage, and that such construction below the base flood level increases risks to life and property.
SECTION G107
SUBDIVISIONS
G107.1 General.
Any subdivision proposal, including proposals for manufactured home parks and subdivisions, or other proposed new development in a flood hazard area shall be reviewed to verify all of the following:
1.Such proposals are consistent with the need to minimize flood damage.
2.Public utilities and facilities, such as sewer, gas, electric and water systems, are located and constructed to minimize or eliminate flood damage.
3.Adequate drainage is provided to reduce exposure to flood hazards.
G107.2 Subdivision requirements.
The following requirements shall apply in the case of any proposed subdivision, including proposals for manufactured home parks and subdivisions, any portion of which lies within a flood hazard area:
1.The flood hazard area, including floodways, coastal high-hazard areas and coastal A zones, as appropriate, shall be delineated on tentative and final subdivision plats.
2.Design flood elevations shall be shown on tentative and final subdivision plats.
3.Residential building lots shall be provided with adequate buildable area outside the floodway.
4.The design criteria for utilities and facilities set forth in this appendix and appropriate International Codes shall be met.
SECTION G108
SITE IMPROVEMENT
G108.1 Development in floodways.
Development or land-disturbing activity shall not be authorized in the floodway unless it has been demonstrated through hydrologic and hydraulic analyses performed in accordance with standard engineering practice, and prepared by a registered design professional, that the proposed encroachment will not result in any increase in the base flood level.
G108.2 Coastal high-hazard areas and coastal A zones.
In coastal high-hazard areas and coastal A zones:
1.New buildings and buildings that are substantially improved shall only be authorized landward of the reach of mean high tide.
2.The use of fill for structural support of buildings is prohibited.
G108.3 Sewer facilities.
G108.5 Storm drainage.
Storm drainage shall be designed to convey the flow of surface waters to minimize or eliminate damage to persons or property.
G108.6 Streets and sidewalks.
Streets and sidewalks shall be designed to minimize potential for increasing or aggravating flood levels.
SECTION G109
MANUFACTURED HOMES
G109.1 Elevation.
G109.3 Anchoring.
G109.4 Protection of mechanical equipment and outside appliances.
Mechanical equipment and outside appliances shall be elevated to or above the design flood elevation.
Exception: Where such equipment and appliances are designed and installed to prevent water from entering or accumulating within their components and the systems are constructed to resist hydrostatic and hydrodynamic loads and stresses, including the effects of buoyancy, during the occurrence of flooding up to the elevation required by Section R322 of the South Carolina Residential Code, the systems and equipment shall be permitted to be located below the elevation required by Section R322 of the South Carolina Residential Code. Electrical wiring systems shall be permitted below the design flood elevation provided that they conform to the provisions of NFPA 70.
SECTION G110
RECREATIONAL VEHICLES
G110.1 Placement prohibited.
The placement of recreational vehicles shall not be authorized in coastal high-hazard areas and in floodways.
G110.2 Temporary placement.
Recreational vehicles in flood hazard areas shall be fully licensed and ready for highway use, or shall be placed on a site for less than 180 consecutive days.
SECTION G111
TANKS
SECTION G112
OTHER BUILDING WORK
G112.7 Nonstructural concrete slabs in coastal high-hazard areas and coastal A zones.
G112.8 Roads and watercourse crossings in regulated floodways.
SECTION G113
TEMPORARY STRUCTURES AND
TEMPORARY STORAGE
G113.1 Temporary structures.
G113.2 Temporary storage.
SECTION G114
UTILITY AND MISCELLANEOUS GROUP U
G114.1 Utility and miscellaneous Group U.
Utility and miscellaneous Group U includes buildings that are accessory in character and miscellaneous structures not classified in any specific occupancy in this code, including, but not limited to, agricultural buildings, aircraft hangars (accessory to a one- or two-family residence), barns, carports, fences more than 6 feet (1829 mm) high, grain silos (accessory to a residential occupancy), greenhouses, livestock shelters, private garages, retaining walls, sheds, stables and towers.
G114.2 Flood loads.
Utility and miscellaneous Group U buildings and structures, including substantial improvement of such buildings and structures, shall be anchored to prevent flotation, collapse or lateral movement resulting from flood loads, including the effects of buoyancy, during conditions of the design flood.
G114.3 Elevation.
G114.5 Flood-damage-resistant materials.
G114.6 Protection of mechanical, plumbing and electrical systems.
Mechanical, plumbing and electrical systems, including plumbing fixtures, shall be elevated to or above the design flood elevation.
Exception: Electrical systems, equipment and components; heating, ventilating, air conditioning and plumbing appliances; plumbing fixtures, duct systems and other service equipment shall be permitted to be located below the design flood elevation provided that they are designed and installed to prevent water from entering or accumulating within the components and to resist hydrostatic and hydrodynamic loads and stresses, including the effects of buoyancy, during the occurrence of flooding to the design flood elevation in compliance with the flood-resistant construction requirements of this code. Electrical wiring systems shall be permitted to be located below the design flood elevation provided that they conform to the provisions of NFPA 70.
SECTION G115
REFERENCED STANDARDS
G115.1 General.
TABLE G115.1
REFERENCED STANDARDS